The underground economy of spam: a botmaster's perspective of coordinating large-scale spam campaigns

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The underground economy of spam: a botmaster's perspective of coordinating large-scale spam campaigns
Botnet	Cutwail
Malware
Botnet/malware group
Exploit kits
Services
Feature
Distribution vector
Target
Origin
Campaign
Operation/Working group
Vulnerability
CCProtocol
Date	2011 / 2011-03-30
Editor/Conference	LEET'11 Proceedings of the 4th USENIX conference on Large-scale exploits and emergent threats
Link	http://iseclab.org/papers/cutwail-LEET11.pdf (Archive copy)
Author	Brett Stone-Gross, Thorsten Holz, Gianluca Stringhini, Giovanni Vigna
Type	Scientific paper

Abstract

“ In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of a

large-scale botnet from the botmaster’s perspective, that highlights the intricacies involved in orchestrating spam campaigns such as the quality of email address lists, the effectiveness of IP-based blacklisting, and the reliability of bots. This is made possible by having access to a number of command-and-control servers used by the Pushdo/ Cutwail botnet. In addition, we study Spamdot.biz, a private forum used by some of the most notorious spam gangs, to provide novel insights into the underground economy of large-scale spam operations.

Bibtex

 @article{2011BFR798,
   editor = {LEET'11 Proceedings of the 4th USENIX conference on Large-scale exploits and emergent threats},
   author = {Brett Stone-Gross, Thorsten Holz, Gianluca Stringhini, Giovanni Vigna},
   title = {The underground economy of spam: a botmaster's perspective of coordinating large-scale spam campaigns},
   date = {30},
   month = Mar,
   year = {2011},
   howpublished = {\url{http://iseclab.org/papers/cutwail-LEET11.pdf}},
 }